经过长期的研究，激光辅助制造已走出实验室。它是通过光纤或其他光学传送单元把激光束打到工件上，这个激光装置被安装在刀具前方（如图34.1所示）。切削期间，激光的功率随着被切削工件的大小而改变。CO2激光器通常使用功率为200-500瓦。激光感应的热量使工件软化，从而方便切削。
To meet the demand for production and precision，researchers and equipment builders are looking outside the bounds of conventional milling，drilling，turning，and grinding. New cutting and machining processes continue to emerge along with methods for modifying the conventional techniques.
Laser-assisted machining. Laser-assisted machining is a process that has long been researched and now ready to come out the lab. In this operation, a laser beam is projected onto the part through fiber optics or some other optical-beam delivery unit, just ahead of the tool（as shown in Fig.34.1）.During a cut，laser power is varied to match the profile being cut. CO2 laser are usually used with power levels from 200 to 500 W. The laser-induced heat softens the workpiece and make it easier to cut.
为了满足需求的生产和精度,研究人员和设备制造商正在看着窗外的界限传统铣、钻、车削、及研磨。新切割和加工流程不断涌现随着修正方法传统的制造工艺。
Laser-assisted加工。Laser-assisted加工是一个过程,长期以来一直研究和现在准备出来的实验室。在这个手术,镭射光束被投射通过光学纤维部分或其他optical-beam交货单位,就在Fig.34.1工具(如图)后割伤、激光功率是多种多样的匹配的轮廓被削减。CO2激光通常被使用,从200功率电平的500 .激光热软化工件,让你更容易削减。
机械加工专业，英语翻译，请不要用翻译软件？~
A benchmark problem benchmarks set incorrectly. Two issues, such as clamping jaw clamping force is too large, so that parts clip variant, whereas the clamping force is too small, loose parts machining. 3 machining difficult indeed difficult to process relatively large parts, such as high accuracy. 4 Measured difficult convenient measurement during processing. 5 inaccurate measurement by high temperature, measuring errors exist, and the actual measured size of a slight error (about 0.001-0.025). 6 Geometric Tolerance bad bad shape and position tolerances. 7 question coating coating makes part size larger or smaller. 8 headroom problem software was not enough allowance, heat back after deformation. 9 Part of the problem size drain leakage machining process, mainly in the relatively large size of some of the tolerances. 10 to packaging packaging is not good, or no packaging, so that the process of moving parts in the functional surface bumps. 11 rust problem is not oiled, parts working surface rust. 12 polished big issues will throw off the size. 13 to rectify the problem without installing the parts and components spindle correction. 14 parts contour accuracy contour accuracy problems too, machining out. 15 procedure setup errors. 16 issues outsourcing vendor processing. 17 tool compensation issues cutter compensation input errors. 18 Processing obvious mistakes human error. 19 burr burr no problem except a clean, resulting in measurement errors
夯实和整地
夯实设备的作用是机械地增加砂土密度。夯实过程中的主要作用力包括净重力、揉捏、撞击及振动。可以实现的压实度等级取决于土质、含湿量、需压实的土层厚度和所采用的压实方法。
整地设备的主要作用是将土方塑成需要形状及标高。主要类型有发动机驱动整地机和整地浇灌机，前者为多用途的整地及表面平整机，而后者则因其高速操作特性被用于重型结构。
钻孔及爆破
岩石开挖工作风险相当大，要求有特殊开挖设备及开挖方法。难度等级取决于待开挖岩石物理特性：岩石晶粒度、脆弱面位、气候、脆度和硬度等。岩石爆破主要程序：碎石、装卸、拖运和压实。碎石工作为岩石爆破的特殊要求，通过钻孔、爆破或者劈石得以实现。
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