Health
"Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."
- Definition of "health", World Health Organisation, 1948.[1]
The right to health for all is a fundamental human right. Globally, there has been huge progress in health over the last century although these improvements have not been equal across countries.
In developed countries, improvements in nutrition, sanitation, water supplies, hygiene, and living and working conditions brought major improvements in health and life expectancy. Vaccines, antibiotics and improved technology have contributed to saving the lives of millions and taming diseases such as smallpox and diptheria. In many developed countries, average life expectancy has increased dramatically in the last century - by around 30 years.
However gaps in health outcomes, both within and between countries, are higher than ever before. Differences in life expectancy between the richest and poorest countries exceed 40 years. Annual government expenditure on health ranges from $20 per person to more than $6,000.[2] New global health threats have also emerged, such as HIV/AIDS which took the lives of 2 million people in 2007 and a further 33 million people were estimated to be living with HIV, two-thirds of them in Sub-Saharan Africa. Malaria continues to kill one child every 30 seconds, and there has been almost no improvement in maternal health since 1990, the baseline measurement for progress against the Millennium Development Goals.
Yet at the same time in the developed world, the comforts attained during the 20th century have also led to changing health trends, with cardiovascular disease the number-one killer, followed by cancer. More than half the adults in the US are either moderately or morbidly overweight.[3]
Recent studies have also shown an increase in mental ill-health at a global level.[4]
See also: Mental Health
Physical health and mental health are inextricably linked. Action is needed to improve the physical health of people with mental health problems, and to make mental health a key public health priority.
Poor mental health is associated with an increased risk of diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes, while good mental health is a known protective factor. Poor physical health also increases the risk of people developing mental health problems.
The Foundation has called for:
an increased understanding of the links between physical health and mental health, and that improved mental health reduces the risk of cardiovascular and other diseases
mental health to become an integral part of public health agenda, nationally and locally, and for proper investment in public mental health
regular physical health checks and accessible physical health care for people with severe mental illness
routine assessment of the psychological needs of patients suffering from chronic heart disease and other serious physical conditions
a reduction in the inappropriate use of primary and acute hospital services by people with medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) by referrals to evidence-based psychological treatments.
It is not good enough that many people with mental health problems are likely to have their physical health needs unrecognised or poorly managed: those who use mental health services are less likely than the general population to be offered blood pressure, cholesterol, urine or weight checks, or to receive opportunistic advice on smoking cessation, alcohol, exercise or diet.
The Foundation has welcomed the recognition of the links between physical health and mental health in the Coalition Government’s Public Health White Paper Healthy Lives, Healthy People (2010), covering England. The paper rightly recognises mental health to be a key public health issue. White Paper: Healthy lives, healthy people: our strategy for public health in England
Background
People with diagnoses of severe and enduring mental illnesses are at increased risk for a range of physical illnesses and conditions, including coronary heart disease, diabetes, infections, respiratory disease and greater levels of obesity.
The Royal College of Psychiatrists published in 2010 a paper on public mental health, No Health Without Public Mental Health. This included a summary of the research evidence demonstrating the links between mental health and physical health outlined below:
Depression is associated with 67% increased mortality from cardiovascular disease, 50% increased mortality from cancer, two-fold increased mortality from respiratory disease and three-fold increased mortality from metabolic disease.
Rates of depression are double in those with diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease and heart failure, and triple in end-stage renal failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cerebrovascular disease.
Depression almost doubles the risk of later development of coronary heart disease. Increased psychological distress is associated with 11%-increased risk of stroke. Depression predicts colorectal cancer, back pain and irritable bowel syndrome later in life
People with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder die an average 25 years earlier than the general population, largely because of physical health problems. Schizophrenia is associated increased death rates from cardiovascular disease (two-fold), respiratory disease (three-fold) and infectious disease (four-fold).
No Health Without Public Mental Health, Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2010
The Department of Health’s Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme has published guidance on Medically Unexplained Symptoms.Medically Unexplained Symptoms Positive Practice Guide (PDF file, 300KB)
11% of adult health care costs in the UK are attributable to physical symptoms caused or exacerbated by mental health problems. Between 20% and 30% of consultations in primary care are with people who are experiencing medically unexplained symptoms and have no clear diagnosis.
The Coalition Government’s Public Health White Paper: Healthy lives, healthy people: our strategy for public health in England firmly links public health to the inequalities agenda set out by Sir Michael Marmot (Marmot (2010) Fair Society, Healthy Lives (PDF file, 25MB)) There will be a new public health premium, which will give councils money for delivering improvements in health inequalities - and it cites poor mental health alongside classic public health issues such as obesity and smoking.
The Foundation has published a series of reports on exercise, diet and smoking, and how they impact on both mental health and physical health.
A clear distinction is often made between ‘mind’ and ‘body’. But when considering mental health and physical health, the two should not be thought of as separate.
Poor physical health can lead to an increased risk of developing mental health problems. Similarly, poor mental health can negatively impact on physical health, leading to an increased risk of some conditions.
Since the founding of the NHS in 1948, physical care and mental health care have largely been disconnected. There is an increasing call on healthcare professionals to consider psychological wellbeing when treating the physical symptoms of a condition and vice versa. You can read about the work we do as a Foundation to lobby government policies on the subject.
There are various ways in which poor mental health has been shown to be detrimental to physical health.
Depression has been linked to:
67% increased risk of death from heart disease
50% increased risk of death from cancer.
While schizophrenia is associated with:
double the risk of death from heart disease
three times the risk of death from respiratory disease.
This is because people with mental health conditions are less likely to receive the physical healthcare they're entitled to. Mental health service users are statistically less likely to receive the routine checks (like blood pressure, weight and cholesterol) that might detect symptoms of these physical health conditions earlier. They are also not as likely to be offered help to give up smoking, reduce alcohol consumption and make positive adjustments to their diet.
These lifestyle factors can influence the state of both your physical and mental health.
Exercise
Physical activity in any form is a great way to keep you physically healthy as well as improving your mental wellbeing. Research shows that doing exercise influences the release and uptake of feel-good chemicals called endorphins in the brain. Even a short burst of 10 minutes brisk walking increases our mental alertness, energy and positive mood. Read the Let's Get Physical report for more on the positive health benefits of physical activity.
Physical activity means any movement of your body that uses your muscles and expends energy. From tending your garden to running a marathon, even gentle forms of exercise can significantly improve your quality of life. For more tips on the ways in which you can build physical activity into your routine, download ourLet’s get physical booklet.
Diet
Good nutrition is a crucial factor in influencing the way we feel. A healthy balanced diet is one that includes healthy amounts of proteins, essential fats, complex carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and water. The food we eat can influence the development, management and prevention of numerous mental health conditions including depression and Alzheimer’s. Read about the ways in which you can ensure you are getting a balanced diet.
Smoking
Smoking has a negative impact on both mental and physical health. Many people with mental health problems believe that smoking relieves their symptoms, but these effects are only short-term.
这么麻烦的问题没有奖励么？
以建康新得为题的论文200个字~
真诚让你幸福
当今社会每个人可能都在乎自己的外表，而又有几个人的心灵是善良美丽且纯洁的呢？记得【感动中国】里面有个人叫什么我忘了，但我记得别人都叫她“板凳妈妈”。她是在16岁那年不小心被列车的轨道给压成了残疾，可她并没有放弃自己而是用坚强的心战胜了困难也得到了社会的帮助，并且在这十几年时间里她培养了200百多名孤残儿童，用自己的双手服育他（她）们使他们在身心上健康的成长。她用只有一半的身体保护了200多儿童使他们也有母爱，她从未想过要他们的回报只希望他们像正常的孩子那样快乐的长大。10几年过去了，他们有的结婚生子，有的教书，有的去帮助更多需要帮助的人。她用自己伟大的爱使我这颗冷漠的心融化了。不能说比她做那伟大的事，但至少自己的心不能偏移使自己有一颗善良纯洁的心，只要有一颗善良的心，整个人都变的轻松、自在、快乐！！！
The ways to keep healthy Everyone wants to live long, however, that just depends on your body's health. Do you know how to keep healthy? I'd like to offer you two ways: 1) Proper Dinners: Generally speaking, one should eat 3 times every day. But some students who get up late will ignore the breakfast, which will do a very bad effect on their healty. Anyway, some girls who would prefer to be thin will avoid eating anything or only little during the meal time. Both of the two ways are bad habits of dining. We shouldn't feel hungry or full after dinners. 2) Students are usually very busy with their homework, so they cannot take time to do exercises or too lazy to do them. This is another killer to health. We should at least take time to have P.E lessons or do morning exercises everyday to keep health. All in all, Being in fitness is our goal, it's also the basic of all contributions and success. 追问： 有没有中文翻译 回答： 保持健康的方法 每个人都希望长命，但是这取决于您的健康。你知道如何保持健康吗？我将向您介绍两种方法： 1）合理膳食：通常来说，一个人应该一天三餐。但是一些起床晚点的学生常常不吃早饭，结果对它们的健康非常不利；另外，一些喜欢保持苗条身材的女同学三餐吃得很少，有时不吃——这两种方法都是就餐的坏毛病，我们在饭后不应该感到太饱或者太饿。 2）学生们通常忙于自己的功课，所以它们没有时间参加体育锻炼或者是因为太懒而不高兴做。这是健康的另一个杀手。我们至少应该参加体育课或者是每天多运动保持健康。 总而言之，保持健康是我们的目标。同样也是成功的基石。
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以 健康 为话题的作文怎么写 - ******
#云勇# 年轻的时候,健康从来不是自己考虑的问题,也没有想过是不是需要减肥,即使是运动,也是因为自己喜欢. 总是不定时吃饭,经常暴饮暴食,喝酒没有节制,因为从来不需要考虑后果. 父亲总是对我说,不要这样,当你以后老的时候,你...
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以重视健康写一篇作文 - ******
#云勇# “眼睛一闭一睁,一天过去了,眼睛一闭不睁,一辈子就过去了.” 是啊,一辈子是多么的短暂,在这个物质社会,多数人为追求财富而不惜一切,在红灯绿酒中徘徊,在烟雾酒气中穿梭,在各种娱乐场所为谈生意狂欢…… 他们想不到自己的...
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健康小顾问作文200字 - ******
#云勇# 最近,我发现我们班有一部分同学缺乏健康意识,养成了许多不良的生活习惯.例如吃饭前不洗手;把树上很脏的冰棍当冰棒一样舔着吃;将擦过鼻涕的纸放在桌肚里主,不管;口渴了,就到厕所去喝自来水;在外面吃不干净的东西...
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请以健康为话题写一篇英语作文 - ******
#云勇# How to keep healthy What is the most important thing in the world? I think it is health.You can take away our money, house, car, or even our clothes and we can survive. But if our health was taken away, we would surely die. That is why we always try ...
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请以健康的 为题的半命题作文 - ******
#云勇# 健康的校园说起健康的校园建设活动,我最有体会了.记得二年级时我的体质很差,人也长得又瘦又小,还患有哮喘,经常发烧感冒,以至于影响学习,我烦恼不已.正在这时,学校为了提高全校...
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五年级如何保护我们的身体健康语文作文150字 - ******
#云勇# 人的健康包括身体健康与心理健康两个方面.一个人身体与心理都健康才称得上真正的健康.我国著名医学家傅连(日章)同志认为健康的含义应包括如下的因素: (l)身体各部位发育正常,功能健康,没有疾病; (2)体质坚强,对疾病有高...
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简述身体健康的基本特征(200字到500字) - ******
#云勇# 生理健康特征1、眼睛有神: 眼精是脏腑精气汇集之地,眼神的有无反映了脏腑的盛衰.因此,双目炯炯有神,是一个人健康的最明显表现.2、呼吸微徐: 微徐,是指呼吸从容不迫,不疾不徐.中医认为:“呼出心与肺,吸入肝与肾”,...
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以“野草精神的人”为题的200字作文 - ******
#云勇# 在田野里,在山坡上随处可见的是那一片又一片的野草.它们没有花朵的美丽,也没有树木的高大,它们总是那么的平凡.但是它们以那象征生命的绿色点缀着万里江山,让我们欣赏;它们在那阳光的照耀下吐出新鲜的空气,让我们呼吸;它们手挽手肩并肩交织成地毯,让人们休息;们牺牲自己去做牛羊丰美的饲料.它把一切贡献给了人们.它们生在野田里,长在野田里.它们平凡但却赢得了无数诗人的讴歌,韩愈这样说他它:“最是一年春好处,绝胜烟柳满皇都.”白居易这样赞美它:“野火烧不尽,春风吹又生.”野草,它是平凡的,它是朴实的,它是谦逊的,它是有奉献精神的,而这刚好是我们却需要的平时,让我们一起学习野草吧.
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健康人要怎么活二百字作文 - ******
#云勇# 我们只要每天早睡早起;饮食正常,不吃油炸的食物,做适当规律性的运动……等,就能使我们拥有健康的身体.而且早睡早起,也能使自己的身体机能正常的运作,还可以呼吸到清晨新鲜的空气.只要我们每天三餐定时定量,并控制食欲,...
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帮忙用＂论述健康的心理,美丽的人生＂为题写篇文章 - ******
#云勇# 人们大都追求飞扬的人生,其实,平凡才是人生的底色. 我们为了各自不同的理想,努力奋斗,顽强拼搏.在茫茫的人海中把一身的疲惫抖落在人生坎坷路途上.有时我们迷茫,困惑,总是希望在湛蓝的天空下,人心如镜,以自己的天真和纯洁...
